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What is the (a) momentum, (b) speed, and (c) de Broglie wavelength of an electron with kinetic energy of 120 eV.

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Class 12 Physics
CBSE and UP Board
Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
Chapter-11 Exercise 11.13
NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 11 Question-13

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1 Answer

  1. Kinetic energy of the electron, Ek = 120 eV

    Planck’s constant, h = 6.6 x 10⁻34Js

    Mass of an electron, m = 9.1 x 10⁻31 kg

    Charge on an electron, e = 1.6 x 10⁻19 C
    Ans (a).

    For the electron, we can write the relation for kinetic energy as:

    Ek = 1/2 mv²

    Where, v = Speed of the electron

    Therefore, v =√(2Ek/m) =√( 2 x 120 x 1.6 x 10 x 120 )/(9.1 x 10⁻31 )

    =√ (42.198 x 10¹²)= 6.496 x 10⁶ m/s

    Momentum of the electron, p = mv = 9.1 x 10⁻31 x 6.496 x 10⁶

    =5.91  x 10²⁴ kg ms⁻1

    Therefore, the momentum of the electron is 5.91 x 10-24 kg m s-1.

    Ans (b).

    Speed of the electron, v = 6.496 x 106 m/s

    Ans (c).

    De Broglie wavelength of an electron having a momentum p, is given as:

    λ = h/p  = ( 6.6 x 10⁻34) /( 5.91 x 10-24) = 1.116 x 10⁻¹⁰m

    = 0.112 nm

    Therefore, the de Broglie wavelength of the electron is 0.112 nm.

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