What is effective collision in chemical reaction?

An effective collision in a chemical reaction is a collision between reactant molecules that results in the formation of products. For a collision to be effective, it must occur with sufficient energy and the proper orientation. The colliding particles must overcome the activation energy barrier, enabling the transition from reactants to products. Not all collisions lead to a reaction; only those meeting the criteria of energy and orientation contribute to the reaction’s progress. The concept of effective collisions is central to collision theory in chemical kinetics, explaining the factors influencing reaction rates and the successful transformation of reactants into products.