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What historic role did the East India Company play in the establishment of municipal governance in India?
The East India Company played a historic role in establishing municipal governance in India by introducing formal administrative structures in major cities during the colonial period. In 1687, the Company set up the first municipal corporation in Bombay (now Mumbai) to manage urban affairs, marking the beginning of organized local governance. This initiative aimed to address the challenges of rapid urbanization and improve public services such as sanitation, infrastructure, and law enforcement. The framework laid down by the East India Company influenced subsequent municipal governance models across India, paving the way for modern urban administration.
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The East India Company issued a charter in 1687 to establish the Madras Corporation, which marked a significant milestone in the history of municipal governance in India. This charter empowered the Corporation to manage local administration, oversee public services, and regulate various aspects of urban life in Madras (now Chennai). The establishment of the Madras Corporation laid the groundwork for organized local governance, setting a precedent for other cities and municipalities in India. This development not only facilitated better civic management but also introduced concepts of accountability and public participation in local affairs during the colonial period. Therefore option 2 is correct.
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