Glucose’s reaction with hydroxylamine to form an oxime, addition of hydrogen cyanide to give cyanohydrin, and oxidation to form gluconic acid with bromine water all confirm the presence of a carbonyl group (>C = O) as an aldehydic group in glucose.
What chemical reactions provide evidence for the presence of a carbonyl group and aldehydic group in glucose?
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Chemical reactions that provide evidence for the presence of a carbonyl group and aldehydic group in glucose include the Benedict’s test and the Tollens’ test. In the Benedict’s test, glucose reacts with the copper ions in the Benedict’s reagent, causing a red-orange precipitate to form, indicating the presence of an aldehyde group. In the Tollens’ test, glucose is oxidized by silver ions in the Tollens’ reagent, forming a silver mirror on the test tube, confirming the presence of an aldehyde group. Both tests exploit the reactivity of the carbonyl group in the aldehyde functional group of glucose, providing distinct visual indications of its presence.