Covalent bonds are formed by the sharing of electron pairs between two atoms. Atoms share electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration, typically filling their valence shells.
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Covalent bonds are formed when atoms share electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration. In a covalent bond, two or more atoms share electrons in their outermost energy levels, typically allowing each atom to achieve a full valence shell. The shared electrons are attracted to the positively charged nuclei of both atoms, creating a strong, directional bond. Covalent bonds commonly occur between nonmetals, where one atom may donate an electron, forming a shared pair with another. This sharing results in the formation of molecules, where atoms are held together by the shared electrons, contributing to the stability of the compound.