Water falls from a height of 60 m at the rate 15 kg/s to operate a turbine. The losses due to frictional forces are 10 % of energy. How much power is generated by the turbine? Take g = 10 m / s².
A turbine is a mechanical device that converts fluid energy into mechanical energy. It operates by utilizing the flow of liquids or gases to rotate blades, generating rotational motion. Turbines are widely used in power generation, such as hydroelectric plants and wind farms, contributing to renewable energy production and efficiency.
Chapter 5 of Class 11 Physics focuses on Work, Energy and Power. It explains work done by a force energy forms such as kinetic and potential energy and the conservation of energy principle. It also discusses power as the rate of doing work and its applications in everyday life.
Share
To calculate the power generated by the turbine, we follow these steps:
Step 1: Calculate the total power available due to falling water
The power available is given by:
Power = m × g × h
Where:
– m = mass flow rate of water = 15 kg/s
– g = acceleration due to gravity = 10 m/s²
– h = height = 60 m
Substitute the values:
Power = 15 × 10 × 60
Power = 9000 W
Power = 9 kW
Step 2: Loss due to frictional forces
Since 10% of the energy is lost due to frictional forces, the effective power output would be
Effective Power = Total Power (1 − Loss Percentage)
Effective Power = 9 kW (1 − 0.1)
Effective Power = 9 kW × 0.9
Effective Power = 8.1 kW
The amount of power generated by the turbine is 8.1 kW.
Click here:
https://www.tiwariacademy.com/ncert-solutions/class-11/physics/chapter-5/