The displacement of the rod is largest when the direction of current is at right angles to the direction of the magnetic field.
Under what condition is the displacement of the rod largest or the force magnitude highest?
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The displacement of the rod is largest when the direction of current is at right angles to the direction of the magnetic field.
The displacement of a current-carrying rod is largest, or the force magnitude is highest, when the rod is oriented perpendicular to the magnetic field. According to the Lorentz force equation (F = BIL), where F is the force, B is the magnetic field strength, I is the current, and L is the length of the conductor, the force is maximized when the current and magnetic field are perpendicular. This configuration ensures that the component of the current perpendicular to the magnetic field is maximally effective in generating force, leading to the largest displacement or highest force magnitude on the rod.