The working system of radar is based on reflection of radio waves. Radar (Radio Detection and Ranging) uses radio waves transmitted from an antenna. These waves are directed towards an object, and some of them reflect back to the radar antenna when they encounter the object. By analyzing the time delay and Doppler shift of these reflected waves, radar systems can detect and track objects, measure their distance, speed, and direction.
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The working system of radar is based on [B] reflection of radio waves. Radar operates by transmitting short pulses of radio waves from a radar antenna. These waves travel through the atmosphere until they encounter an object, such as an aircraft or ship. Upon hitting the object, some of the radio waves are reflected back towards the radar antenna.
The radar system then analyzes the time it takes for the radio waves to return (to determine distance), as well as any Doppler shift in frequency (to determine speed and direction of the object). This principle of radio wave reflection forms the basis of radar technology, which is crucial for applications in aviation, maritime navigation, weather forecasting, and military surveillance.
Options [A] (refraction of radio waves), [C] (Doppler effect), and [D] (Raman effect) are not directly related to the fundamental operation of radar systems, making [B] reflection of radio waves the correct answer.