The velocity with which a projectile must be fired so that it escape earth’s gravitational field (escape velocity) doesn’t depend on

The escape velocity is the minimum speed needed for an object to break free from Earth’s gravitational field without any additional propulsion. Importantly, this velocity does not depend on the mass of the projectile being launched. This characteristic stems from the principle that all objects, regardless of their mass, experience the same acceleration due to gravity when in free fall.

As a result, whether the projectile is a feather or a heavy rocket, the required escape velocity remains constant at approximately 11.2 kilometers per second. The escape velocity is influenced primarily by the mass of the Earth and its radius, along with the universal gravitational constant. This means that if a projectile is launched with the correct speed, it will have enough energy to overcome the gravitational pull of the Earth and continue into space, regardless of its own mass.

This concept is crucial for space exploration, as it allows scientists and engineers to calculate the necessary launch speeds for spacecraft, ensuring they can achieve the desired trajectory and reach their intended destinations. Understanding that escape velocity is independent of the projectile’s mass simplifies the design and planning of space missions, making it a fundamental aspect of orbital mechanics.