Energy is the ability to do work. It exists in different forms like kinetic, potential, thermal, chemical, and electrical energy. It follows the law of conservation where it changes from one form to another but remains constant. Renewable and non-renewable sources provide energy for daily activities and industrial use.
Chapter 13 of Class 11 Physics covers Oscillations for the CBSE Exam 2024-25. It explains periodic motion and simple harmonic motion with equations of motion. Key topics include time period, frequency, amplitude, phase, energy in SHM, damped oscillations, forced oscillations, and resonance. The chapter also discusses pendulums, springs, and the relationship between oscillations and waves.
In Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM), the total energy (E) is the sum of kinetic energy (KE) and potential energy (PE):
E = KE + PE = (1/2) k A²
where:
– k is the force constant,
– A is the amplitude.
Since there is no external force or damping, the total energy remains constant throughout the motion, although it continuously transforms between kinetic and potential energy.
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