The exact balance of power between the central and the state governments varies from one federation to another. Explain with the help of two suitable examples.

It is correct to state that the exact balance of power between the central and state governments varies from one federation to another due to the following factors:
(l) The balance depends on the historical context in which the federation was formed. For example there is too much diversity in India. So to keep it united, it was necessary to make the central government more powerful under ‘holding together’ federation.
(ii) The balance of power depends on the route through which federations have been formed. Under ‘coming together’ federation, member states have equal powers vis-a-vis thefederal government whereas under ‘holding together’ the centre is powerful than the states.
(iii) Under ‘coming together’ small states join hands to form a bigger unit such as USA, Australia and Switzerland.
(iv) Under ‘holding together’ large countries form federation and decide to divide its power between constituent states and the national government as in India.