NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 4
Social Science Class 10 Geography
Agriculture 4
Important NCERT Questions Based on new NCERT Books for Session 2022-2023
Questions No: 3 Part: I
Suggest the initiative taken by the government to ensure the increase in agricultural production.
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The government has undertaken several initiatives to elevate agricultural production in India. The National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) promotes sustainable practices, conserving resources while enhancing productivity. Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) aids states in improving agricultural infrastructure and practices. Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY) encourages organic farming for healthier produce and soil fertility.
Additionally, the Sub-Mission on Seeds and Planting Material (SMSP) focuses on providing quality seeds, while the Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) aims to expand irrigation coverage for enhanced water efficiency. The promotion of pulses via the National Food Security Mission (NFSM) addresses the demand-supply gap. Furthermore, mechanization schemes and horticulture promotion (MIDH) encourage modern machinery use and diversification into fruits and vegetables. These initiatives collectively aim to revamp agricultural practices, augment productivity, and ensure sustained food security in the nation.
(i) The government took the following steps to ensure increase in agricultural production:
(a) The strategies of package technology and the White Revolution (Operation Flood) were initiated to increase agricultural production.
(b) Provision for crop insurance, establishment of Grameen banks, cooperative societies and banks for providing loan facilities to the farmers at lower rates of interest.
(c) In addition to above the Government of India made efforts to modernise agriculture. Establishment of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), agricultural universities, veterinary services and animal breeding centres, horticulture development, research and development in the field of meteorology and weather forecast were given priority for improving agriculture.
(d) The rural infrastructure was also improved.
To ensure increase in agricultural production, the government prioritised collectivisation, consolidation of holdings, cooperation and abolition of zamindari system. ‘Land reform’ was the main focus of the First Five Year Plans. In the 1960s and 1970s, agricultural reforms were the order of the day. The Green Revolution and the White Revolution (Operation Flood) were aimed at improving Indian agricultural productivity. During the 1980s and 1990s, a comprehensive land development programme was initiated. Under this, various technical and institutional reforms were introduced by the government for the benefit of farmers, e.g., Minimum Support Price policy, provision for crop insurance, subsidy on agricultural inputs and resources such as power and fertilisers, Grameen banks, Kissan Credit Card, Personal Accident Insurance Scheme, and special weather bulletins and agricultural programmes like ‘Krishi Darshan’ on national television.
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