On what factors does the resistance of a conductor depend?

The resistance of a conductor depends on several factors, and it can be determined using Ohm’s Law, which states that:

R = V/I
​
where:

» R is the resistance,
» V is the voltage across the conductor, and
» I is the current flowing through the conductor.

The factors influencing the resistance of a conductor include:

1. Material: Different materials have different resistivities. Resistivity is an inherent property of a material that determines how strongly it resists the flow of electric current.

2. Length: The resistance is directly proportional to the length of the conductor. As the length increases, the resistance also increases.

3. Cross-sectional Area: The resistance is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area of the conductor. A larger cross-sectional area allows for more current flow and reduces resistance.

4. Temperature: The temperature of the conductor can affect its resistance. In general, as the temperature increases, the resistance also increases. This effect is more pronounced in some materials than others.

The relationship between these factors is given by the formula:

R = ρ L/A

​where:

» R is the resistance,
» ρ is the resistivity of the material,
» L is the length of the conductor, and
» A is the cross-sectional area of the conductor.

In summary, the resistance of a conductor depends on its material, length, cross-sectional area, and temperature.