Make two lists: one with the main events and the effects of the February Revolution and the other with the main events and effects of the October Revolution. Write a paragraph on who was involved in each, who were the leaders and what was the impact of each on Soviet history.

February Revolution (1917):
Main Events:
1. Mass protests and strikes due to food shortages and war dissatisfaction.
2. Tsar Nicholas II’s abdication, ending autocracy.
3. Formation of the Provisional Government and Petrograd Soviet.
4. Establishment of political freedoms.

Effects:
1. Provisional Government’s formation aiming for democratic reforms.
2. Dual power between the Provisional Government and Petrograd Soviet.
3. Initial hopes for democratic changes and civil liberties.
4. Continuation of Russia’s involvement in World War I.

October Revolution (1917):
Main Events:
1. Bolshevik-led armed insurrection against the Provisional Government.
2. Seizure of key locations in Petrograd.
3. Storming of the Winter Palace.
4. Establishment of Soviet power under Bolsheviks.

Effects:
1. Bolshevik takeover, ending the Provisional Government.
2. Creation of the RSFSR and radical socialist reforms.
3. Withdrawal from World War I.
4. Shift towards communist rule.

Leaders:
February Revolution: Led by various groups including socialists, liberals, Alexander Kerensky.
October Revolution: Primarily led by Bolsheviks under Vladimir Lenin, supported by Red Guards, workers, and soldiers.

Impact on Soviet History:
The February Revolution brought down autocracy and initiated provisional democratic rule. The October Revolution, led by Bolsheviks, established a socialist government, paving the way for communist governance. This altered Russia’s trajectory, leading to the Soviet Union’s establishment and the global spread of communism.