How is electric potential difference between two points in an electric circuit defined?

Electric potential difference between two points in an electric circuit is defined as the work done per unit charge in moving a positive test charge from one point to another. Measured in volts (V), it represents the energy transfer and electric force experienced by the charge. Mathematically, potential difference (V) is expressed as the change in electric potential energy (ΔU) per unit charge (q): V = ΔU/q. Higher potential at one point compared to another indicates a tendency for positive charges to move, creating an electric current. This concept is fundamental in understanding electrical circuits and is a key parameter in Ohm’s Law.