How do safety belts prevent injuries during sudden braking?

Safety belts are crucial for preventing injuries during sudden braking by applying the principles of physics. When brakes are applied abruptly, a vehicle decelerates, but due to inertia, occupants tend to maintain their forward motion. Safety belts restrain the torso, preventing occupants from being thrown forward. This minimizes the risk of head and chest injuries, reducing the impact force on vital organs. By securely holding individuals in their seats, safety belts ensure that they decelerate with the vehicle, helping to distribute the force of the sudden stop across more robust parts of the body and reducing the likelihood of severe injuries.