NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science History Chapter 2
Social Science Class 10 Economics
Sectors of the Indian Economy 2
Important NCERT Questions Based on new NCERT Books for Session 2022-2023
Questions No: 15
How are the activities in the economy classified on the basis of employment conditions?
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Classification of economic activities based on employment conditions:
1. Organized Sector:
– Regulated labor relations and structured employment conditions.
– Follows labor laws, offers formal employment with benefits.
– Includes large-scale industries, government organizations, registered enterprises.
2. Unorganized Sector:
– Lacks formal regulation and structured employment conditions.
– Involves informal enterprises, casual labor without defined benefits.
– Examples include street vendors, small-scale agriculture, domestic workers.
3. Informal Sector:
– Overlaps with unorganized sector; lacks formal arrangements.
– Encompasses diverse economic activities, both formal and informal.
– Includes small-scale businesses, informal labor markets, lacking formal protections.
In our area, tire vegetable shops, grocery shops, sweet shops and other shops are in Private sector. These are owned by private individuals. They provide different types of goods that are required for daily use. Their services are good. Generally their services are better and up to our satisfaction and requirement. Some companies such as Tata, Reliance and others provide telephone services. whenever there is any complaint, these companies immediately,
attend and set the telephone line in order. They provide efficient and better services. The shopkeepers too provide free home delivery, of goods without any extra-charges. On the other hand, some essential services such as water supply sanitation etc. are provided by the government for the welfare of the people. The government collects taxes and spends that money in providing such services. Government schools have been opened in our area for elementary and higher education to ail without any discrimination. Sanitation work is done by the employees of the government. Government hospitals have been set up in the area. Though the efficiency and quality of these services in the public sector is not as good as in the private sector, yet these services fulfil the requirements of the people in various spheres.
Organised sector and unorganised sector.
On the basis of employment conditions, the activities in the economy are classified into organized and unorganized sectors:
• Organized Sector: This sector includes enterprises which are registered by the government and have abide by its rules and regulations such as the Factory Act, Minimum Wages Act, Payment of Gratuity Act, Shops and Establishment Act etc. Workers in the organised sector enjoy the security of employment. They are expected to work only a fixed number of hours. If they work more, they have to be paid overtime by the employer. They get paid leave, payment during holidays, provident fund, gratuity etc. For example, Reliance Industries Ltd., GAIL etc.
• Unorganized Sector: It includes those small and scattered units which are largely outside the control of the government and have no fixed rules and regulations to govern the working system. For example, casual workers in construction, shops etc. Jobs here are not regular. They are low paid and sometimes wages are even lower than minimum wage rate. There is no provision for overtime, paid leave, holidays, leave due to sickness etc. In this sector there is no job security and the conditions of employment are also very tough. People can be asked to leave without prior information or reason.
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