Explain why a charged balloon is repelled by another charged balloon whereas an uncharged balloon is attracted by another charged balloon?

When two balloons are charged, their behavior depends on the types of charges they carry:

1. Charged Balloon Repulsion: If both balloons possess the same charge (both positively or both negatively charged), they repel each other. Like charges repel due to the fundamental principle of electrostatic force. This causes the balloons to move away from each other as the similar charges on their surfaces repel.

2. Charged-Uncharged Balloon Attraction: When one balloon is charged and the other is uncharged, an attractive force occurs. The charged balloon induces a temporary opposite charge on the surface of the uncharged balloon through electrostatic induction. This opposite charge leads to an attractive force between the balloons as opposite charges attract each other.

In summary, similarly charged balloons repel each other due to like charges, while a charged balloon can attract an uncharged balloon through electrostatic induction, creating opposite charges and resulting in an attractive force between them.