Dipeptide is a product of the combination of two amino acids through a peptide bond. Similarly, tripeptide, tetrapeptide, and polypeptide are formed by the linkage of three, four, and more than ten amino acids, respectively, through peptide linkages.
Explain the terms dipeptide, tripeptide, tetrapeptide, and polypeptide, and how are they formed from amino acids?
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A dipeptide is formed when two amino acids join through a peptide bond. Similarly, a tripeptide results from the linkage of three amino acids, a tetrapeptide from four, and a polypeptide from an extended chain of amino acids. These peptides are created through condensation reactions, where the carboxyl group of one amino acid reacts with the amino group of another, releasing water. The repeating formation of peptide bonds extends the chain, forming a polypeptide. Polypeptides become proteins when they fold into specific three-dimensional structures based on their amino acid sequence, crucial for biological functions and structural integrity.