Continents formed through tectonic movements over millions of years. Their distribution influences regional climates by directing ocean currents and wind patterns, creating varied temperature and precipitation patterns across the globe.
class 6 Social Science Textbook Chapter 2 question answer
class 6 Social Science Chapter 2 Oceans and Continents solutions
Continents formed through tectonic plate activity over millions of years, beginning with a single landmass known as Pangaea around 335 million years ago. Due to plate tectonics, Pangaea broke apart, forming the continents we know today. The movement of tectonic plates continues to shape Earth’s surface, causing seismic and volcanic activities, leading to the creation of mountains, valleys, and coastal plains.
The distribution of continents significantly impacts global climate by influencing ocean currents and atmospheric circulation. For instance, continents act as barriers to ocean currents, directing them around landmasses and redistributing heat across the planet. The Gulf Stream, for example, warms northern Europe by bringing warm water from the equatorial Atlantic.
Continental distribution also affects wind patterns. Landmasses tend to heat up and cool down faster than oceans, creating seasonal winds that influence weather. Monsoon winds in South Asia are driven by the differential heating of land and sea, bringing seasonal rains essential for agriculture.
Regions far from oceans, such as central Asia, experience extreme temperatures due to a lack of moderating oceanic influence. Conversely, coastal areas benefit from oceans’ stabilizing effect on temperature. Thus, the placement of continents affects regional climates by shaping ocean currents, wind patterns, and temperature variations.
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