Adenine pairs with thymine, and cytosine pairs with guanine through hydrogen bonds in DNA. RNA has a single-stranded helical structure, with messenger RNA (m-RNA), ribosomal RNA (r-RNA), and transfer RNA (t-RNA) serving different functions.
Explain the complementary base pairing in DNA and the types and functions of RNA molecules.
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Complementary base pairing in DNA involves adenine (A) forming hydrogen bonds with thymine (T), and guanine (G) pairing with cytosine (C). This pairing ensures the specificity and fidelity of DNA replication. RNA includes three main types: messenger RNA (mRNA) carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA) delivers amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis, and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) forms an essential part of the ribosome structure, facilitating protein assembly. Each RNA type plays a crucial role in the synthesis, processing, and transport of genetic information, contributing to the overall functionality of the cell.