The acceleration due to gravity g is slightly altered by Earth’s rotational motion, depending on latitude. At the equator, Earth’s centrifugal force, due to its maximum velocity of rotation, acts outward and opposes gravity, reducing the effective value of g slightly. As latitude increases toward the poles, the rotational velocity decreases, and the centrifugal force decreases.
At the poles, centrifugal force is negligible, and g is at its maximum value. Therefore, g is lowest at the equator and increases gradually as one moves toward the poles.