NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science History Chapter 3
Social Science Class 9 History
Nazism and the Rise of Hitler 3
Important NCERT Questions Based on new NCERT Books for Session 2022-2023
Questions No: 2
Discuss why Nazism became popular in Germany in 1930.
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Reasons for the Popularity of Nazism in Germany by 1930:
1. Economic Hardships: The Great Depression caused widespread unemployment and poverty, undermining faith in the Weimar Republic’s ability to address economic issues.
2. Resentment from Treaty of Versailles: Harsh terms of the Treaty fueled nationalist sentiments and a sense of humiliation among Germans.
3. Nationalist Appeal: Nazis promoted national unity and pride, projecting a vision of a racially superior Germany.
4. Leadership of Hitler: Adolf Hitler’s charisma and strong leadership qualities appealed to many, promising to restore Germany’s greatness.
5. Propaganda and Scapegoating: Nazis used propaganda, scapegoating minorities like Jews, to redirect anger and offer simple solutions to complex problems.
6. Support from Disenfranchised Groups: Promises of jobs and order appealed to the unemployed, war veterans, and those affected by economic instability.
These factors collectively contributed to the rise and popularity of Nazism in Germany by 1930, leading to the downfall of the Weimar Republic and the establishment of Hitler’s totalitarian regime.
The story of the Rise of Nazism in Germany is not limited to a few specific events or causes. It is the result of the working of an elaborate and frightening system which operated at different levels. Nevertheless, some of the main causes of the Rise and Popularity of Nazism in Germany can be mentioned as follows:
Treaty of Versailles: Germany was forced to sign a peace treaty at Versailles after her defeat in the First World War. This treaty was so harsh and humiliating for the Germans which they could not accept by heart and ultimately led to the rise of Hitler’s Nazism in Germany. Because of the various terms of this treaty Germany had to sacrifice much of its territories, colonies, natural resources, military power and also had to pay huge war compensation. This created a feeling of sheer dissatisfaction among the people of Germany who visualized Hitler of the Nazi Party as the symbol of revival of the lost glories of Germany.
Economic Crises: The Nazis did not have much popularity until the early 1930s. The German economy was the worst hit by the by the world-wide economic crisis of 1929 – 1933. The country was passing through a situation of hyperinflation. It was during this period of Great Depression when Nazism became a mass movement.
Political Turmoil: There were many political parties in Germany such as Nationalists, Royalists, Communists, Social Democrats etc. although none of them was enjoying majority in the democratic government. The Party strife was at its peak. This along with various other crises within the country continuously weakened the Republic government and ultimately giving an opportunity to the Nazis to capture the power.
Germany had no faith in Democracy: After the defeat of Germany at the end of the First World War, ‘Democracy’ was totally new for the Germans. They had no faith in Parliamentary institutions. Democracy was indeed a young and fragile idea, which could not survive the various problems which were prevailing in Germany at that time. People preferred prestige and glory to liberty and freedom. They supported Hitler whole-heartedly as he got the ability to fulfill their dreams.
Failure of Weimar Republic: After the defeat in the First World War and Versailles Treaty there was devastation, starvation, unemployment, total despair among the youth and complete confusion everywhere in Germany. Weimar Republic failed to solve the economic crises of the country. This provided a golden opportunity for the Nazis to launch a campaign in its favour.
Hitler’s Personality: Hitler was a powerful speaker, an able organizer, resourceful person and a man of actions. He could mobilize the mass in his favour by his passionate words. He promised to build a strong nation, undo the injustice of the Versailles Treaty and restore the dignity of the German people. In fact, his personality and actions contributed maximum to the popularity of Nazism in Germany.
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