In a redox (reduction-oxidation) reaction, oxidation and reduction are interconnected processes. Oxidation involves the loss of electrons, increase in oxidation state, or loss of hydrogen, while reduction entails the gain of electrons, decrease in oxidation state, or gain of hydrogen. These processes occur simultaneously, as electrons transferred from the oxidized substance (reducing agent) to the reduced substance (oxidizing agent) maintain charge balance. The term “redox” reflects this dual nature, where one substance is oxidized (loses electrons) and another is reduced (gains electrons). Together, oxidation and reduction represent the exchange and transfer of electrons, driving chemical reactions and energy transformations.