Describe the processes of population change.

(i) There are three main processes of change of population : birth rates, death rates and migration.
(ii) The natural increase of population is the difference between birth rates and death rates.
(a) Birth rate: The natural increase of population is the difference between the birth rates and death rates. Birth rate is the number of live births per thousand persons in a year. It is a major component of population growth change in India because birth rates have always been higher than death rates.
(b) Death rate: It is the number of deaths per thousand persons in a year. The main cause of the population growth change in India is the rapid decline in death rates.
(c) Migrations: The third component of population growth is migration which is the movement of people across regions and territories. It can be internal i.e., within the country or international i.e., between the countries. Migration plays a very significant role in changing the composition and distribution of population.
(d) Internal migration does not change the size of the population, but influences the distribution of population within the nation. Migration plays a very significant role in changing the composition and distribution of population