Define the term torque or moment of force. Give its units and dimensions.

Torque, also known as the moment of force, is the turning effect produced by a force applied to an object that causes it to rotate around an axis or pivot point. This effect depends on the magnitude of the applied force and the perpendicular distance between the axis of rotation and the line of action of the force. Torque is a base concept in the rotational motion which initiates the change of the rotation state of any object. Its standard unit within the SI is the Newton-meter N·m; in the CGS system it is measured by dyne-centimeter, dyne·cm.

Torque has dimensions of mass, length squared, and time to the power of negative two. This dimensional representation highlights its connection to force and distance.

Torque is important for the explanation and analysis of rotational motion. It tells why it is easier to open a door when pushing it near the edge, rather than pushing it near the hinges, since the distance makes the torque bigger. From wrenches to complicated engines and turbines, applications of torque have made it very relevant in both daily life and in the engineering world.

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