By what is alternating current converted into direct current?
Alternating current (AC) is converted into direct current (DC) using a rectifier. A rectifier is an electrical device that converts AC, which periodically changes direction, into pulsating DC by allowing current to flow in only one direction. This process involves diodes or other semiconductor devices to rectify the current.
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The correct answer is rectifier (option B). A rectifier is used to convert alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). AC electricity periodically changes direction, while DC flows consistently in one direction. A rectifier allows current to flow in only one direction by using diodes or other semiconductor devices to block the flow of current in the opposite direction. There are different types of rectifiers, such as half-wave rectifiers and full-wave rectifiers, each designed to convert AC into DC with varying degrees of efficiency and smoothness. After rectification, additional components like capacitors and filters may be used to smooth the pulsating DC output into a more constant DC voltage suitable for use in electronic devices, power supplies, and various industrial applications. Rectification is a crucial process in electronics, enabling the use of AC power sources to power DC equipment and circuits effectively.