Kinetic theory of gases explains gas behavior using molecules in constant motion. It states that gas molecules move randomly collide elastically and obey Newton’s laws. Pressure results from collisions with container walls. Temperature is proportional to average kinetic energy. This theory helps derive gas laws and explains diffusion and effusion.
Class 11 Physics Chapter 12 Waves covers wave motion and its types including mechanical and electromagnetic waves. It explains transverse and longitudinal waves along with characteristics like wavelength amplitude frequency and speed. The chapter discusses the principle of superposition reflection refraction and Doppler effect. These concepts are important for CBSE Exam 2024-25 and various competitive exams.
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According to the kinetic theory of gases, gas molecules are in constant random motion and exert pressure due to their collisions with the walls of the container. The pressure P is given by:
P = (1/3) (N/V) m v̄²
where:
– N is the number of molecules,
– V is the volume,
– m is the mass of a molecule,
– v̄² is the mean square velocity.
Every collision transfers momentum to the wall, and the result of many of these collisions is measurable gas pressure.
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