A wall has two layers A and B, each made of a different material. Both the layers have the same thickness. The thermal conductivity of the material of A is twice that of B. Under thermal equilibrium, the temperature difference across the wall is 36°C. The temperature difference across the layer A
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance. It indicates how hot or cold something is. Temperature is measured using scales like Celsius or Fahrenheit. It affects the rate of chemical reactions and the physical properties of materials such as expansion or contraction.
Chapter 10 of Class 11 Physics deals with thermal properties of matter. It explains concepts like temperature and heat and thermal expansion and specific heat capacity and calorimetry. The chapter also covers heat transfer methods such as conduction and convection and radiation. It further discusses laws of thermodynamics and ideal gas laws.
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This is a two-layer wall, where A and B represent different materials. The same thickness is taken for both the layers, while the thermal conductivity of material A is twice that of material B. Under the conditions of thermal equilibrium, the total temperature difference between the two layers is 36°C. As the rate of heat transfer between both the layers should be equal, the temperature difference between both the layers depends on their respective thermal conductivities.
Because material A’s thermal conductivity is higher, there will be relatively easier passage of heat through material A than through B. Therefore the temperature difference shall be smaller when measured across the layer A and larger when calculated across layer B. Since material A has two times the thermal conductivity of B the temperature difference while measured across material A will therefore be half measured across material B.
We have the total temperature difference across the wall, which is 36°C, and we know that the temperature difference across layer B is greater. So we can say that the temperature difference across layer A is 12°C.
So, the temperature difference across layer A is 12°C.