Class 12 Physics
CBSE and UP Board
Magnetism and Matter
Chapter-5 Exercise 5.22
Additional Exercise
NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 5 Question 22
A monoenergetic (18 keV) electron beam initially in the horizontal direction is subjected to a horizontal magnetic field of 0.04 G normal to the initial direction. Estimate the up or down deflection of the beam over a distance of 30 cm (me = 9.11 × 10⁻¹⁹C). [Note: Data in this exercise are so chosen that the answer will give you an idea of the effect of earth’s magnetic field on the motion of the electron beam from the electron gun to the screen in a TV set.]
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Energy of an electron beam, E = 18 keV = 18 x 103 eV,
Charge on an electron, e = 1.6 x 10-19 C,
E = 18 x 103 x 1.6 x 10-19 J,
Magnetic field, B = 0.04 G,
Mass of an electron, me = 9.11 x 10-19 kg
Distance up to which the electron beam travels, d = 30 cm = 0.3 m
We can write the kinetic energy of the electron beam as:
E = 1/2 mv²
v = √ ( 2 x 18 x 103 x 1.6 x 10-19 )/ (9.11 x 10⁻³¹) = 0.795 x 10⁸ m/s
The electron beam deflects along a circular path of radius, r.
The force due to the magnetic field balances the centripetal force of the path.
BeV = mv²/r
Therefore , r = mv /Be
= (9.11 x 10⁻³¹ x 0.795 x 10⁸)/ (0.4 x 10 x 1.6 x 10-19) = 11.3 m
Let the up and down deflection of the electron beam be x = r(1 – cos 0) Where,0 = Angle of declination
sin 0 = d/r
= 0.3 /11.3
0 = sin⁻¹ 0.3/11.3 = 1.521°
And x = 11.3 (1 – cos 1.521° )
= .0039 m = 3.9mm
Therefore ,the up and down deflection of the beam is 3.9mm