A boy carrying a box on his head is walking on a level load from one place to another on a straight road is doing no work.
Work is defined as the process of energy transfer that occurs when a force acts on an object to move it in the direction of the force. It is measured as the product of the force applied and the distance moved in that direction. Work can be positive, negative or zero, depending on the direction of the force relative to the motion. Understanding work is crucial for analyzing energy transformations in various physical systems.
In Class 11 Physics, Chapter 5 focuses on Work, Energy and Power, exploring fundamental concepts that describe energy transfer and transformation. Students learn about different forms of energy, the work-energy principle, the law of conservation of energy, and the relationship between work, energy and power. This chapter lays the groundwork for understanding mechanics and its applications in various physical phenomena.
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The upward force on the box that maintains it in its position when the boy walks on a horizontal level road is provided by the boy himself. The horizontal displacement takes place when the boy walks forward. In physics, work is the product of the force applied in the direction of the displacement. For work to be done, a component of the force must exist in the direction of movement. In this case, the force exerted by the boy on the box is vertical, while his movement is horizontal. Since these two directions are perpendicular to each other, the work done on the box is considered zero. It is important to note that although the boy may feel fatigued from carrying the box, this is not an indication of work being done in the physics sense.
Thus, although the boy exerts himself to keep the box in its place, he is doing no work on the box during the walk. This example represents a simple idea in physics: the difference between the colloquial use of the word “work” and its technical definition in science. To summarize, if the boy is carrying a box, he is doing no work on the box.
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