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A black body at a high temperature T K radiates energy at the rate of E Wm⁻². When the temperature falls to T/2 K, the radiated energy will be
Energy is the capacity to perform work or produce change. It exists in various forms like kinetic, potential, thermal and chemical. Energy can neither be created nor destroyed but only transformed from one form to another, as stated in the law of conservation of energy, making it fundamental to all physical processes.
Class 11 Physics Chapter 10 Thermal Properties of Matter focuses on heat transfer and its effects on materials. It explains conduction convection and radiation, thermal expansion of solids liquids and gases, specific heat capacity, calorimetry, Newton’s law of cooling, and the Stefan-Boltzmann law. These concepts are crucial for understanding thermal phenomena in daily life.
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According to the Stefan-Boltzmann law, the energy radiated by a black body is given by:
E = σ T⁴
where:
– E is the radiated energy,
– σ is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant,
– T is the temperature in Kelvin.
Now, when the temperature is reduced to T/2, the new energy radiated will be:
E’ = σ (T/2)⁴ = (σ T⁴) / 16
So the radiated energy decreases by a factor of 16, meaning the new radiated energy is E/16.
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