Within the context of historical meteorological data provided in many standard textbooks, 2010 is cited as one of the warmest years on record. This was due to a combination of long-term global warming trends and a strong El Niño event, ...
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The Ferrel Cell is the mid-latitude atmospheric circulation cell located between the Hadley and Polar cells. Within this cell, surface air moves poleward, specifically from the subtropical high-pressure zone (30°) toward the subpolar low-pressure zone (60°). Because of the Coriolis ...
A hygrometer is a scientific instrument used to measure the amount of water vapor in the air, known as humidity. It can provide readings for absolute humidity, but most commonly it measures “relative humidity”—the percentage of moisture the air is ...
A primary pollutant is a chemical added directly to the atmosphere by natural or human activities, such as volcanic eruptions or burning fossil fuels. Sulfur dioxide is a classic example, as it is emitted directly from smokestacks. In contrast, secondary ...
Atmospheric pressure is at its highest when the air is cold and dry. Cold air is much denser than warm air because its molecules are packed more tightly together. Additionally, dry air is actually heavier than humid air, as water ...