Let the shorter piece be x feet. Then the longer piece is 4x feet. Their total length is 300 feet. Solving 5x equals 300 gives x equal to 60. Therefore, the two pieces are 60 feet and 240 feet.
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Let Salil’s present age be x years. Then his mother’s age is 3x years. After 5 years, their ages total 70 years. Solving gives x equal to 15. Therefore, their present ages are 15 and 45 years.
If m represents the number of matches played, then the total amount paid is 200 plus 50m. The amount increases by 50 rupees for every additional match played by the member.