The earliest civilization of the Indian subcontinent was the Indus Valley Civilization (also known as the Harappan Civilization), which flourished around 2500 BCE. It was located along the Indus River and its tributaries, in parts of modern-day India and Pakistan. ...
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The name “India” is derived from the Sanskrit word “Indu,” which refers to the moon but is often associated with the term “Indus.” However, the name “Bamboo” is another term sometimes linked to the subcontinent, as bamboo trees are native ...
Foreign names for India developed primarily through interactions with various cultures and languages, often based on local terms for the region’s prominent features. For instance, the name “India” derives from the River Indus, which was referred to as “Sindhu” in ...
In ancient Persian records, the word “Hindu” was used to describe the people and regions beyond the Indus River, specifically referring to the inhabitants of the Indian subcontinent. The term was derived from the Sanskrit “Sindhu,” which means river, and ...
The earliest known reference to the term “Bhāratavarṣha” is found in the ancient Indian text, the “Mahābhārata.” This epic, composed around the 4th century BCE to the 4th century CE, describes the land associated with the descendants of Bharata, a ...
The name “Hindustān” accurately refers to the historical and cultural region of the Indian subcontinent, derived from the Persian term for the land of the Indus River. It encompasses a rich tapestry of diverse cultures, languages, and traditions, and has ...
The ancient emperor Ashoka of the Maurya Empire used the name Jambudvīpa to describe the Indian subcontinent in his inscriptions. Ashoka’s edicts, which were spread across his vast empire in the 3rd century BCE, referred to the subcontinent as Jambudvīpa, ...
Ancient Tamil literature, particularly texts like the Sangam poetry, reflects a detailed understanding of Indian geography, categorizing the land into distinct ecological zones known as “Tinais”. These zones included Kurinji (mountains), Mullai (forests), Marudham (agricultural lands), Neidhal (coastal areas), and ...
The Indian Constitution reflects the ancient name Bhārata by officially recognizing it as one of the country’s names. In its opening Article 1, the Constitution states, “India, that is Bhārata, shall be a Union of States,” acknowledging both the historical ...
The evolution of names given to the Indian subcontinent by foreigners reflects its long history of interactions with various cultures. The ancient Persians referred to the region as Hindu, derived from the Indus River. The Greeks, adopting the Persian term, ...