In the 6th century BCE, the region of northwestern India, including parts of modern-day Pakistan, was controlled by the Persian Achaemenid Empire under Emperor Darius I. This area, particularly the Indus Valley, became part of the empire’s easternmost territories. Darius ...
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The ancient Greeks referred to India as ‘Indika’, derived from the Sanskrit name for the Indus River. This term was popularized by Greek historians and explorers, most notably Megasthenes, who wrote a detailed account of the region in his work ...
The ancient Indian text that defines the country as the land “north of the ocean and south of the snowy mountains” is the Vishnu Purana. This description poetically refers to the Indian subcontinent, bounded by the Indian Ocean to the ...
The ancient Chinese referred to India as Tianzhu. This name, used in historical texts, highlights the early interactions between China and India, particularly through trade, diplomacy, and the spread of Buddhism. Tianzhu symbolized India’s cultural and spiritual influence on China, ...
The word Hindu in ancient Persian is a geographical term derived from the Indus River. The Persians used the term “Hindu” to refer to the people and regions located beyond this river, effectively denoting the lands of the Indus Valley. ...
The ancient Indian text that mentions regions like Kāshmīra and Kurukṣhetra is the Mahabharata, one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient Indian literature. The Mahabharata narrates the story of the Kurukshetra War and the fates of the Kaurava ...
The term ‘Hindustān’ was first used in inscriptions by the Ghaznavid Empire, particularly during the reign of Mahmud of Ghazni in the early 11th century. This term initially referred to the land beyond the Indus River, encompassing parts of modern-day ...
Jambudvīpa literally translates to “the island of the Jambu tree” in ancient Indian literature. In Hindu and Buddhist cosmology, it is considered one of the continents of the world, symbolizing the known landmass inhabited by humans. The Jambu tree, often ...
The name ‘Bhāratavarṣha’ is derived from the ancient Bharata dynasty, which is mentioned in Hindu scriptures, including the Mahabharata. This term originally referred to the region inhabited by the Bharata people, symbolizing their cultural and political significance in ancient India. ...
The ancient text that first mentions the region as Sapta Sindhava is the Rigveda, one of the oldest sacred scriptures of Hinduism, composed around 1500 BCE. This term refers to the area of the seven rivers, which includes the Indus ...