According to Bohr’s quantum condition, the angular momentum of an electron in its stationary (or stable) orbit should be an integer multiple of h/2π i.e., Ln = m vn.rn = n h/2π , where n is a positive integer.
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Impact parameter (b) is the perpendicular distance of the velocity vector of the alpha-particle from the central line of nucleus, when the particle is far away from the nucleus. Class 12 Physics Chapter 12 Atoms Session 2024-2025.
It is the distance from nucleus at which an energetic a-particles approaching directly towards the nucleus, retraces its path through 180°. At distance of closest approach speed of a-particle is zero. Class 12 Physics Chapter 12 Atoms Session 2024-2025.
From large angle scattering of a-particles we conclude that almost whole mass and whole positive charge of the atom is concentrated in a tiny space, called nucleus, at the centre of atom. Class 12 Physics Chapter 12 Atoms Session 2024-2025.