Fruits are mature ovaries of flowering plants, containing seeds. They develop from fertilized ovaries and serve as a means for seed dispersal. Fruits come in various types, shapes, and flavors.
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The pancreas is an organ in the digestive and endocrine systems. It produces digestive enzymes for breaking down food in the small intestine and releases insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar.
A food chain depicts the transfer of energy in an ecosystem. It starts with producers (plants), followed by herbivores (primary consumers) and carnivores (secondary and tertiary consumers), illustrating the feeding relationships.
Ozone is a molecule composed of three oxygen atoms. It forms a protective layer in Earth’s stratosphere, blocking harmful ultraviolet radiation. Ground-level ozone is a component of smog and can be harmful to health.
Herbivores are animals that primarily consume plants, while carnivores are meat-eating animals that primarily feed on other animals. Their dietary preferences are adapted to the types of food they consume.
Veins are blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. They have thinner walls than arteries and often contain valves to prevent blood from flowing backward.
Lenses refract light, converging (convex) or diverging (concave) based on shape. They produce real or virtual images, affecting magnification and focus. Commonly used in cameras, eyeglasses, and microscopes.
A concave mirror curves inward and reflects light. It converges parallel rays to a focal point, enabling real or virtual image formation. Used in applications like makeup mirrors and telescopes.
Spherical lenses and mirrors have curved surfaces. Lenses can be converging (convex) or diverging (concave), affecting light focus. Mirrors, concave or convex, influence reflection properties, used in optics for various applications.
Sodium is a highly reactive alkali metal with atomic number 11. It’s silver-white, soft, and abundant in nature. It reacts vigorously with water, producing sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.