A furnace is a device used for heating or melting materials at high temperatures. It is commonly used in industrial processes like metal smelting, glass production, or for heating in buildings. Furnaces operate by burning fuel or using electrical energy ...
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A ratio is a mathematical relationship between two numbers that shows how many times the first number contains the second. It is expressed in the form of “a to b” or a:b. Ratios are used to compare quantities, such as ...
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance. It indicates how hot or cold something is. Temperature is measured using scales like Celsius or Fahrenheit. It affects the rate of chemical reactions and the ...
Convection is the transfer of heat through a fluid (liquid or gas) by the movement of the fluid itself. When a fluid is heated, its particles gain energy and move faster, becoming less dense and rising. Cooler, denser fluid then ...
Conclusions are final judgments or decisions based on evidence or reasoning. They summarize the outcomes of an experiment or analysis. In science, conclusions are drawn after interpreting results, confirming or refuting hypotheses, and making logical inferences. For example, a conclusion ...
To illustrate means to explain or clarify a concept using examples, diagrams, or visual aids. It helps make abstract ideas more understandable. For instance, to illustrate the concept of thermal expansion, one could show a metal rod expanding when heated ...
A law is a fundamental principle or rule that describes natural phenomena consistently observed under specific conditions. In science, laws are derived from empirical evidence and experimentation. They are universally accepted and can predict outcomes, such as Newton’s laws of ...
Radiation is the transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves without requiring a medium. Unlike conduction and convection, it can occur in a vacuum. The Sun’s heat reaching Earth is an example of radiation. It involves the emission, absorption, and transmission ...
The atmosphere is the layer of gases surrounding Earth, composed mainly of nitrogen, oxygen and trace gases. It protects life by filtering harmful radiation, regulating temperature and enabling weather patterns. The atmosphere is essential for sustaining life, providing oxygen for ...
Radiation is the transfer of heat in the form of electromagnetic waves. It does not require a medium and can occur in a vacuum. Examples include the heat from the Sun reaching the Earth. Unlike conduction and convection, radiation transfers ...