Both mitochondria and chloroplasts have double membranes, DNA and ribosomes. Mitochondria release energy by respiration, while chloroplasts produce food by photosynthesis. Thus, they are similar in structure but different in function.
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The correct answer is (ii) Mitochondria and Nucleus because both contain DNA. Other options are incorrect since ribosomes, Golgi bodies and lysosomes do not contain DNA.
(i) Test osmosis effect. (ii) Use equal size and weight carrots, measure weight. (iii) Plain water makes carrot stiff due to water gain; salt solution removes water, making it limp.
The incorrect pair is (ii) SER — Lipid and cellulose synthesis because SER synthesises lipids but not cellulose. Ribosomes make proteins and lysosomes digest materials correctly.
If mitochondria are removed, the cell cannot produce energy. Without energy, cellular activities stop and the cell eventually dies due to lack of ATP.