1. Changes after the Revolution of October, 1917: (a) Private property eradicated. Most industries and banks were nationalized. (b) Land was declared social property, land of nobility seized. (c) Ban on use of old titles of aristocracy. (d) Russia signed peace pact with Germany. (e) Russia became a oneRead more

    Changes after the Revolution of October, 1917:

    (a) Private property eradicated. Most industries and banks were nationalized.

    (b) Land was declared social property, land of nobility seized.

    (c) Ban on use of old titles of aristocracy.

    (d) Russia signed peace pact with Germany.

    (e) Russia became a one-party state and the Russian Communist Party was the only party.

    (f) Censorship in all aspects of life was imposed.

    (g) Beginning of civil war in Russia.

     

     

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  2. In April 1917, the Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin returned to Russia from his exile. He presented three demands which are known as Lenin's April Theses. These were: (i) The war (First World War) must be brought to a close. (ii) Land must be transferred to the peasants. (iii) Banks must be nationaliRead more

    In April 1917, the Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin returned to Russia from his exile. He presented three demands which are known as Lenin’s April Theses. These were:

    (i) The war (First World War) must be brought to a close.

    (ii) Land must be transferred to the peasants.

    (iii) Banks must be nationalized.

     

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  3. Socialists were against the private property but had differing ideas on how a society without property could operate. Some of visions of socialists are as follows: (1) Robert Owen- sought to build a cooperative community. (2) Louis Blanc- He wanted the government to encourage cooperatives and replacRead more

    Socialists were against the private property but had differing ideas on how a society without property could operate. Some of visions of socialists are as follows:

    (1) Robert Owen- sought to build a cooperative community.

    (2) Louis Blanc- He wanted the government to encourage cooperatives and replace capitalist enterprises.

    (3) Karl Marx and Fredrick Engels-They argued that the industrial society was ‘capitalist’. The capitalists owned the capital invested in the factories, and the profit of capitalists was produced by workers. Thus, capitalists exploit the workers. Marx believed that this capitalist system would be triumphed by the workers and a socialist society would be established where all property would be socially controlled.

     

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  4. Liberals:- (a) Tolerance of all religions (b) Opposed the uncontrolled powers of the king. (c) Supported the rights of the individuals (d) Supported a representative, elected parliamentary government and independent judiciary. (e) Did not support universal adult franchise (right of every citizen incRead more

    Liberals:-

    (a) Tolerance of all religions

    (b) Opposed the uncontrolled powers of the king.

    (c) Supported the rights of the individuals

    (d) Supported a representative, elected parliamentary government and independent judiciary.

    (e) Did not support universal adult franchise (right of every citizen including women)

    (f) Supported private property.

    Radicals:-

    (a) Government based on majority.

    (b) Opposed the privileges given to great landowners and wealthy factory owners.

    (c) Many of them also supported women’s suffragette movements.

    (d) Supported private property but disliked concentration of property in the hands of a few.

     

     

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    • 9
  5. Main ideas of Liberals were (a) Tolerance of all religions (b) Opposed the uncontrolled powers of the king. (c) Supported the rights of the individuals Supported a representative, elected parliamentary government and independent judiciary (d) Did not support universal adult franchise (right of everyRead more

    Main ideas of Liberals were

    (a) Tolerance of all religions

    (b) Opposed the uncontrolled powers of the king.

    (c) Supported the rights of the individuals Supported a representative, elected parliamentary government and independent judiciary

    (d) Did not support universal adult franchise (right of every citizen including women)

    (f) Supported private property.

     

    For more answers visit to website:
    https://www.tiwariacademy.com/ncert-solutions/class-9/social-science/

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