1. To find the ratio of the linear momentum of two particles with the same kinetic energy, we can use the formulas for kinetic energy and momentum. Step 1: Write the formula for kinetic energy The kinetic energy (K.E.) is given by: K.E. = (1/2) m v² Where: - m = mass - v = velocity Step 2: Set the kineRead more

    To find the ratio of the linear momentum of two particles with the same kinetic energy, we can use the formulas for kinetic energy and momentum.

    Step 1: Write the formula for kinetic energy

    The kinetic energy (K.E.) is given by:

    K.E. = (1/2) m v²

    Where:
    – m = mass
    – v = velocity

    Step 2: Set the kinetic energies equal

    Let:
    – m₁ = 10 g = 0.01 kg
    – m₂ = 40 g = 0.04 kg

    Since their kinetic energies are the same:

    (1/2) m₁ v₁² = (1/2) m₂ v₂²

    Cancelling (1/2) from both sides gives:

    m₁ v₁² = m₂ v₂²

    Step 3: Express velocity in terms of momentum

    The momentum (p) is given by:

    p = mv

    From the above equation:

    0.01 v₁² = 0.04 v₂²

    Rearranging gives us:

    v₁²/v₂² = 0.04/0.01
    v₁²/v₂² = 4

    Step 4: Find the ratio of velocities

    Taking the square root of both sides:

    v₁/v₂ = 2

    Step 5: Calculate the ratio of momenta

    Now, using the definition of momentum:

    p₁ = m₁ v₁
    p₂ = m₂ v₂

    The ratio of their momenta is:

    p₁/p₂ = (m₁ v₁) / (m₂ v₂)
    p₁/p₂ = (0.01 v₁) / (0.04 v₂)

    Substituting the ratio of velocities:

    p₁/p₂ = (0.01 * 2v₂) / (0.04 v₂)
    p₁/p₂ = (0.02 / 0.04)
    p₁/p₂ = 1/2

    Final Answer:
    The ratio of their linear momentum is 1/2.

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  2. The acceleration due to gravity varies from the poles to the equator, mainly due to two factors: Earth's rotation and its shape. Earth is not a perfect sphere; it is an oblate spheroid, meaning it is slightly flattened at the poles and bulging at the equator. Consequently, the distance from the centRead more

    The acceleration due to gravity varies from the poles to the equator, mainly due to two factors: Earth’s rotation and its shape. Earth is not a perfect sphere; it is an oblate spheroid, meaning it is slightly flattened at the poles and bulging at the equator. Consequently, the distance from the center of the Earth to the surface is greater at the equator than at the poles.

    The force of gravity is strongest at the poles where the Earth’s rotation is least effective. This is because the gravitational force varies directly with the mass of the Earth and inversely with the square of the distance from the center of the Earth. Conversely, at the equator, the centrifugal force created by the Earth’s rotation opposes the force of gravity, thus reducing the effective acceleration due to gravity. This centrifugal force is greatest at the equator because the linear speed due to rotation is the highest at the equator.

    Because of this, the acceleration due to gravity decreases from about 9.83 m/s² at the poles to about 9.78 m/s² at the equator. This variation is important in many applications such as navigation, satellite positioning, and understanding the behavior of objects in different gravitational fields.

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  3. The gravitational interaction between two bodies, such as the Earth and the Moon, is described by Newton's law of universal gravitation. According to this principle, every mass exerts a gravitational force on every other mass, and this force is proportional to the product of their masses and inverseRead more

    The gravitational interaction between two bodies, such as the Earth and the Moon, is described by Newton’s law of universal gravitation. According to this principle, every mass exerts a gravitational force on every other mass, and this force is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers.

    In the case of the Earth and the Moon, even though the Moon has only about 1% of the Earth’s mass, the gravitational pull that the Earth exerts on the Moon and the gravitational pull that the Moon exerts on the Earth are equal in magnitude. This equality is a direct consequence of Newton’s third law of motion, which states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Therefore, the gravitational force that the Earth exerts on the Moon is matched by the gravitational force that the Moon exerts on the Earth, leading to a ratio of 1:1.

    This relationship holds true regardless of the difference in masses. While the forces are equal, their effects are different due to the significant difference in mass. The Earth, being much more massive, has a stronger gravitational influence, resulting in the Moon’s orbit around it. However, the underlying principle remains that the gravitational forces between the two bodies are equal.

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  4. To understand the relationship between the speeds of two satellites in circular orbits around the Earth, we need to consider their orbital radii. In the given problem, satellite A orbits at radius 4R and travels at a speed of 3V, whereas satellite B orbits at radius R. The speed of a satellite in aRead more

    To understand the relationship between the speeds of two satellites in circular orbits around the Earth, we need to consider their orbital radii. In the given problem, satellite A orbits at radius 4R and travels at a speed of 3V, whereas satellite B orbits at radius R.

    The speed of a satellite in a circular orbit is dependent on the gravitational pull of the Earth and the radius of its orbit. In general, satellites closer to the Earth have a stronger gravitational force and therefore move at higher speeds. On the other hand, satellites that are farther away have slower speeds.

    In this case, we know that satellite B has a radius of R and is much nearer the Earth than satellite A that orbits at 4R. We therefore see that satellite A was moving at 3V, so this immediately tells us how to compute the speed of the motion of satellite B since, having a smaller orbit radius, it will also be orbiting faster. Thus, the speed of satellite B is calculated to be 6V, which is twice the speed of satellite A. This shows the relationship between orbital radius and speed, which indicates that closer satellites must travel faster to maintain their orbits.

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  5. If the Earth were to lose its gravity, then a body near the Earth's surface would face drastic and immediate consequences. Gravity is the force that pulls objects toward the center of the Earth, keeping them grounded. Without this force, a body would no longer experience weight and would enter a staRead more

    If the Earth were to lose its gravity, then a body near the Earth’s surface would face drastic and immediate consequences. Gravity is the force that pulls objects toward the center of the Earth, keeping them grounded. Without this force, a body would no longer experience weight and would enter a state of free fall.

    In this scenario, everything ranging from individuals, houses, and other moving vehicles would start levitating in space and going off the Earth’s crust. This would be caused by a complete absence of gravity force. There is no pull to keep anchored any objects on the earth surface. Anything in motion will continue flowing without being halted by forces like gravity because it never acted in a pulling direction during the previous instance.

    Moreover, it would have devastating consequences on the Earth’s atmosphere because gravity holds it there, and without it, air would dissipate into space, and people as well as other living things cannot breathe. Loss of gravity will affect the structural integrity of buildings and other structures leading to possible catastrophic failure.

    In a nutshell, if Earth lost its gravity, all bodies would float into space, and life on this earth would be altered so much that it would never be the same, rendering the environment uninhabitable.

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