The town-planning of Harappan cities is best described as highly organized and systematic, characterized by a grid layout, well-defined streets, and advanced drainage systems. Streets were often laid out in a north-south and east-west orientation, with buildings made from standardized ...
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The Harappan site known for its large dockyard is Lothal, located in the modern state of Gujarat, India. Dating back to around 2400 BCE, Lothal features a well-constructed dockyard that facilitated maritime trade and commerce with other civilizations, including Mesopotamia. ...
One characteristic that was NOT associated with the Indus-Sarasvatī Civilization is the construction of monumental pyramids. Unlike the civilizations of Egypt and Mesoamerica, the Indus Valley Civilization is known for its well-planned cities, advanced drainage systems, and uniform weights and ...
The term used for the fortified area in Harappan cities is “Citadel.” The citadel was a raised platform that housed important structures, including granaries, public baths, and administrative buildings, serving both a religious and protective function. Its strategic elevation and ...
The river central to the development of the Indus-Sarasvatī Civilization is the Sarasvatī River, alongside the Indus River. The Sarasvatī, which is believed to have flowed through northwestern India, played a crucial role in sustaining agriculture and trade in the ...
The earliest civilization of the Indian subcontinent was the Indus Valley Civilization (also known as the Harappan Civilization), which flourished around 2500 BCE. It was located along the Indus River and its tributaries, in parts of modern-day India and Pakistan. ...
The name “India” is derived from the Sanskrit word “Indu,” which refers to the moon but is often associated with the term “Indus.” However, the name “Bamboo” is another term sometimes linked to the subcontinent, as bamboo trees are native ...
Foreign names for India developed primarily through interactions with various cultures and languages, often based on local terms for the region’s prominent features. For instance, the name “India” derives from the River Indus, which was referred to as “Sindhu” in ...
In ancient Persian records, the word “Hindu” was used to describe the people and regions beyond the Indus River, specifically referring to the inhabitants of the Indian subcontinent. The term was derived from the Sanskrit “Sindhu,” which means river, and ...
The earliest known reference to the term “Bhāratavarṣha” is found in the ancient Indian text, the “Mahābhārata.” This epic, composed around the 4th century BCE to the 4th century CE, describes the land associated with the descendants of Bharata, a ...