1. The correct answer is [D] it can reduce pressure. These strips, known as sleepers or ties, are designed to distribute the weight of the train and reduce pressure impulses, ensuring a smoother ride and reducing the impact on the track and surrounding structures The purpose of shock mats and alternateRead more

    The correct answer is [D] it can reduce pressure. These strips, known as sleepers or ties, are designed to distribute the weight of the train and reduce pressure impulses, ensuring a smoother ride and reducing the impact on the track and surrounding structures
    The purpose of shock mats and alternate capping layers in railway tracks is to enhance stability, reduce vibrations, and mitigate track degradation. Shock mats, also known as under sleeper pads (USPs), are used to absorb impact forces, reduce strain (reduce pressure) on the ballast layer, and minimize vibrations transmitted to nearby structures.
    Alternate capping layers, like elastometric soft pads, aim to create resilience, distribute impact energy, and decrease ballast degradation and sleeper cracking, ultimately improving track performance and longevity.

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  2. Sometimes in the mountains, people start bleeding from the nose and mouth because atmospheric pressure decreases with increase in altitude ; option [D]. As altitude increases, the air becomes less dense, leading to lower atmospheric pressure. However, blood pressure does not directly cause this phenRead more

    Sometimes in the mountains, people start bleeding from the nose and mouth because atmospheric pressure decreases with increase in altitude ; option [D]. As altitude increases, the air becomes less dense, leading to lower atmospheric pressure. However, blood pressure does not directly cause this phenomenon. Instead, the decreased atmospheric pressure at higher elevations can cause blood vessels in the nose and mouth to rupture, resulting in bleeding.

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  3. Ink comes out from a fountain pen in an airplane because air pressure decreases with an increase in altitude ; option [A]. As the aircraft ascends to higher altitudes, the atmospheric pressure surrounding the pen decreases. However, the pressure inside the pen remains relatively constant due to theRead more

    Ink comes out from a fountain pen in an airplane because air pressure decreases with an increase in altitude ; option [A]. As the aircraft ascends to higher altitudes, the atmospheric pressure surrounding the pen decreases. However, the pressure inside the pen remains relatively constant due to the sealed environment. This pressure disparity causes the air inside the pen to expand, creating a higher pressure inside than outside. Consequently, the increased pressure inside the pen forces ink out of the nib, leading to ink leakage. This phenomenon occurs because gases, like the air inside the pen, tend to expand when subjected to lower pressure environments. Therefore, the decreasing atmospheric pressure at higher altitudes allows the air inside the pen to expand, pushing the ink outward. As a result, passengers may experience ink leaks from fountain pens during flights, particularly during takeoff and ascent when the altitude rapidly increases, causing a significant drop in atmospheric pressure. Thus, the correct answer is [A] air pressure decreases with increase in altitude.

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  4. Option B: The value of 'g' at the surface of the Earth will increase by 2%. When the radius decreases by 1%, the acceleration due to gravity (g) at the surface increases because the gravitational force depends inversely on the square of the distance between two objects. Therefore, a smaller radius lRead more

    Option B: The value of ‘g’ at the surface of the Earth will increase by 2%. When the radius decreases by 1%, the acceleration due to gravity (g) at the surface increases because the gravitational force depends inversely on the square of the distance between two objects. Therefore, a smaller radius leads to a stronger gravitational pull, resulting in a 2% increase in ‘g’.

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  5. Option A: Water boils at temperatures below 100°C at high altitudes because atmospheric pressure decreases. At higher altitudes, the column of air above is shorter, resulting in lower atmospheric pressure. Since boiling occurs when the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the atmospheric pressure, theRead more

    Option A: Water boils at temperatures below 100°C at high altitudes because atmospheric pressure decreases. At higher altitudes, the column of air above is shorter, resulting in lower atmospheric pressure. Since boiling occurs when the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the atmospheric pressure, the reduced atmospheric pressure means water molecules can escape the liquid phase more easily, causing it to boil at lower temperatures. This principle is why water boils faster in a pressure cooker, where increased pressure raises the boiling point. Options B and C are incorrect; gravity’s slight variation with altitude or wind patterns don’t significantly affect water’s boiling point. Therefore, the correct explanation lies in the decrease in atmospheric pressure, which directly impacts the boiling point of water at high altitudes.

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