A separating funnel allows efficient separation of immiscible liquids based on density differences. It provides precise control over the separation process, making it useful for separating mixtures like oil and water.
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A sieve separates particles based on size by allowing smaller particles to pass through its mesh while retaining larger particles. This method is commonly used for separating granular materials or removing impurities.
Chromatography separates components based on differences in their movement through a stationary phase and a mobile phase. Components move at different rates, allowing for their separation and analysis.
Distillation purifies water by heating it to create vapor, which then condenses back into liquid form, leaving impurities behind. This process removes dissolved salts and contaminants, producing clean water.
Solubility-based separation methods rely on dissolving substances in solvents, while density-based methods depend on differences in mass per unit volume. Solubility methods include filtration, while density methods include centrifugation and sedimentation.
Centrifugation offers rapid and efficient separation based on density differences, allowing precise isolation of components. It is ideal for separating blood components, purifying solutions, and processing samples quickly.
Evaporation separates salt from seawater by heating the water until it turns into vapor, leaving the salt crystals behind. The water vapor can then be condensed and collected separately.
A separating funnel separates immiscible liquids based on density. By allowing the liquids to settle, the denser liquid collects at the bottom, and the lighter liquid can be poured off from the top.
To find out how hot or cold a body is, use a thermometer. A thermometer measures temperature by detecting changes in physical properties, like liquid expansion or electrical resistance, and displays the temperature on a scale.
To measure temperature with a laboratory thermometer, immerse the bulb in the substance or environment being measured, wait until the liquid stabilizes, and then read the temperature from the scale. Ensure accurate placement.