1. Valency is the measure of an element's ability to form chemical bonds, indicating the number of electrons an atom can gain, lose, or share to achieve a stable electron configuration. It's crucial in determining an element's reactivity and the types of compounds it can form.

    Valency is the measure of an element’s ability to form chemical bonds, indicating the number of electrons an atom can gain, lose, or share to achieve a stable electron configuration. It’s crucial in determining an element’s reactivity and the types of compounds it can form.

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  2. The valency of oxygen is 2. It is obtained by subtracting the number of valence electrons (6) from the octet rule (8), representing its tendency to gain 2 electrons in bonding.

    The valency of oxygen is 2. It is obtained by subtracting the number of valence electrons (6) from the octet rule (8), representing its tendency to gain 2 electrons in bonding.

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  3. This method applies by considering oxygen's position in the periodic table, with 6 valence electrons. Subtracting this from the octet rule (8) yields its valency of 2.

    This method applies by considering oxygen’s position in the periodic table, with 6 valence electrons. Subtracting this from the octet rule (8) yields its valency of 2.

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  4. Fluorine has 7 valence electrons and needs only one more to achieve a full outer shell, making it easier to gain an electron rather than lose seven. This electron gain fills its outer shell, stabilizing its electron configuration.

    Fluorine has 7 valence electrons and needs only one more to achieve a full outer shell, making it easier to gain an electron rather than lose seven. This electron gain fills its outer shell, stabilizing its electron configuration.

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  5. The valency of fluorine is 1. By considering its position in the periodic table with 7 valence electrons, it needs to gain only 1 electron to achieve a full outer shell configuration.

    The valency of fluorine is 1. By considering its position in the periodic table with 7 valence electrons, it needs to gain only 1 electron to achieve a full outer shell configuration.

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