1. (i) The material of bat changed slightly over rime. (ii) Once it was cut out of a single piece of wood. (iii) Now it consists of two pieces-the blade which is made out of the wood of the willow tree and the handle which is made out of cane that became available as European colonialists and trading cRead more

    (i) The material of bat changed slightly over rime.
    (ii) Once it was cut out of a single piece of wood.
    (iii) Now it consists of two pieces-the blade which is made out of the wood of the willow tree and the handle which is made out of cane that became available as European colonialists and trading companies established themselves in Asia.
    (iv) Australian cricketer Dennis Lillee tried to play, an innings with au aluminium bat, only to have it outlawed by the Umpires.
    (v) Unlike golf and tennis, cricket has refused to remake its tools with industrial and man-made materials: plastic, fibre glass and metal have been firmly rejected.

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  2. (i) Innovations in cricket techniques in recent years have mainly come from the practice of subcontinental teams in countries like India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Pakistan has pioneered t'n o great advances in bowling 'doosra' and the 'reverse swing'. (ii) Both skills were developed in response to thRead more

    (i) Innovations in cricket techniques in recent years have mainly come from the practice of subcontinental teams in countries like India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Pakistan has pioneered t’n o great advances in bowling ‘doosra’ and the ‘reverse swing’.
    (ii) Both skills were developed in response to the subcontinental conditions; the doosra to counter aggressive batsmen with heavy modern bats who were threatening to make finger-spin obsolete and ‘reverse swing’ to move the ball in on dusty, unresponsive wickets under the clear skies.
    (iii) Initially, both innovations were greeted with great suspicion by countries like Britain and Australia, which saw them as an underhanded, illegal bending of the laws of cricket.
    (iv) Later, it was accepted that the laws of cricket could not continue to be framed for British or Australian conditions of play and they became paly of the technique of all bowlers, everywhere in the world.

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  3. Kerry Packer, an Australian tycoon, saw the money-making potential of cricket as a televised sport. (i) In 1971, the first one-day international match was played between England and Australia in Melbourne. (ii) The popularity of this shortened version of the same led to the First World Cup being sucRead more

    Kerry Packer, an Australian tycoon, saw the money-making potential of cricket as a televised sport.
    (i) In 1971, the first one-day international match was played between England and Australia in Melbourne.
    (ii) The popularity of this shortened version of the same led to the First World Cup being successfully played in 1975.
    (iii) Then in 197i, Kerry Packer signed up Fifty-one of the World’s leading cricketers against the wishes of the national cricket boards and for about two years staged unofficial ‘Tests and ODIs under the name of World Series Cricket.
    (iv) While Packer’s ‘circus’ was folded up after two years, the innovations he introduced during that time made cricket more attractive to the television audience and charged the nature of the game.

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  4. (i) The origins of Indian cricket are to be found in Bombay and the first community to start playing cricket was the small community of Zoroastrians or Parsis. (ii) They were closer to the British because of their interest in trade and they were the first community to westernise. The Parsis foundedRead more

    (i) The origins of Indian cricket are to be found in Bombay and the first community to start playing cricket was the small community of Zoroastrians or Parsis.
    (ii) They were closer to the British because of their interest in trade and they were the first community to westernise. The Parsis founded the first Indian Cricket Club, the Oriental Cricket Club in Bombay, in 1848.
    (iii) Parsi clubs were funded and sponsored by Parsi businessmen like the Tatas and the Wadias.
    (iv) The White cricket elite in India offered no help to the enthusiastic Parsis.
    (v) In fact, there was a quarrel between the Whites-only club of Bombay Gymkhana and Parsis over the use of a public park as the polo ponies of the Bombay Gymkhana dug up the surface.
    (vi) When it became clear that the colonial authorities favoured the White elites, the Parsis built their own gymkhana to play cricket in.

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  5. Amateurs:- (a) The rich who played cricket for pleasure were called amateurs. (b) Amateurs were called Gentleman. (c) Amateurs tended to be batsman. (d) Captains of teams, whether club teams or national sides were always amateurs Professionals:- (a) The poor who played cricket for a living were callRead more

    Amateurs:-
    (a) The rich who played cricket for pleasure were called amateurs.
    (b) Amateurs were called Gentleman.
    (c) Amateurs tended to be batsman.
    (d) Captains of teams, whether club teams or national sides were always amateurs
    Professionals:-
    (a) The poor who played cricket for a living were called professionals.
    (b) Professionals were described as Players
    (c) Fast bowling and fielding was done by professionals.
    (d) Professionals were made to play the game till the 1930s but they never captained their team.

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