Anaerobic respiration is a process where the breakdown of pyruvate occurs in the absence of air (oxygen). It takes place in organisms like yeast during fermentation.

The breakdown of glucose into pyruvate takes place in the cytoplasm of cells.

The large intestine absorbs water from unabsorbed food, making the material more solid. The remaining waste is expelled through the anus, and the exit is regulated by the anal sphincter.

The villi in the small intestine are richly supplied with blood vessels. These vessels transport the absorbed nutrients to every cell of the body, where they are utilized for energy, tissue building, and repair.

The small intestine has finger-like projections called villi, which significantly increase the surface area for absorption, aiding in the efficient uptake of digested food.

Pancreatic juice, secreted by the pancreas, contains enzymes like trypsin for protein digestion and lipase for breaking down emulsified fats, enhancing the efficiency of digestion in the small intestine.

Bile juice, produced by the liver, makes the acidic food from the stomach alkaline, enabling pancreatic enzymes to work. It also acts on fats, breaking them into smaller globules for more efficient enzyme action.

The small intestine is the site where complete digestion of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats occurs. It receives secretions from the liver and pancreas to facilitate this process.