Vitamin is called a protective substance. Vitamins are essential micronutrients that play key roles in maintaining health and protecting the body against various diseases and deficiencies.
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Vitamin does not provide energy. While carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are macronutrients that yield energy when metabolized, vitamins are micronutrients that support various physiological processes but do not contribute energy.
The term ‘vitamin’ was coined by Funk. Casimir Funk, a Polish biochemist, introduced the term in 1912 to describe essential organic compounds vital for human health.
The food that provides the most energy per gram is Fat. Fat yields 9 calories per gram, making it the most energy-dense macronutrient compared to protein and carbohydrate.
A camel survives in the desert without water for a few days by reducing the metabolic process. This adaptation allows it to conserve water and minimize the rate of fluid loss from the body.