Statement (B) is incorrect because the Richter scale is a mathematical formula (a scale), not a physical instrument. The instrument used to detect and record earthquakes is the seismograph. Additionally, the Richter scale measures magnitude (energy released), while intensity (damage/shaking) ...
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Statement (D) is incorrect because isoseismic lines are almost always irregular. They connect points of equal earthquake intensity, which depends on local geology, soil type and building density. Since ground conditions and rock types vary significantly across a region, the ...
Long surface waves (L waves) cause the most damage during an earthquake. While Primary (P) waves are fast and Secondary (S) waves are strong, it is the surface waves that have the largest amplitude and longest duration. Their complex side-to-side ...
Surface waves are known as L waves (Long waves or Love waves). Unlike P and S waves that travel through the Earth’s interior (body waves), L waves travel only along the Earth’s surface. They move more slowly but have a ...
The epicenter is the location on the Earth’s surface where the tremors are felt first. Since it is the point directly above the focus, the seismic waves (specifically P-waves) have the shortest distance to travel to reach this spot. Consequently, ...